Global score

Human smuggling

4.77

Under the Index, human smuggling requires the criminalization of the illegal entry, transit or residence of migrants (by land, sea or air) by an organized criminal group for the purposes of a financial or material benefit. Activity in this criminal economy reflects all stages of the illicit activity, including producing, procuring, providing or possessing fraudulent travel or identity documents when committed for the purpose of enabling the smuggling of migrants. Although distinct crimes, human smuggling may turn into trafficking when the element of exploitation is involved.

Highest-scoring countries

Eritrea

9.50

Eritrea

Criminality

4.34

Criminal markets

4.05

Criminal actors

4.63

Resilience

2.33

Turkey

9.00

Turkey

Criminality

6.89

Criminal markets

6.40

Criminal actors

7.38

Resilience

3.54

Syria

8.50

Syria

Criminality

6.84

Criminal markets

6.05

Criminal actors

7.63

Resilience

1.88

Mexico

8.50

Mexico

Criminality

7.56

Criminal markets

8.00

Criminal actors

7.13

Resilience

4.46

Iraq

8.50

Iraq

Criminality

7.05

Criminal markets

6.35

Criminal actors

7.75

Resilience

3.79

Lowest-scoring countries

Tuvalu

1.00

Tuvalu

Criminality

1.54

Criminal markets

1.70

Criminal actors

1.38

Resilience

6.04

Tonga

1.00

Tonga

Criminality

3.78

Criminal markets

3.30

Criminal actors

4.25

Resilience

5.21

St. Vincent and the Grenadines

1.00

St. Vincent and the Grenadines

Criminality

3.30

Criminal markets

2.85

Criminal actors

3.75

Resilience

5.46

Monaco

1.00

Monaco

Criminality

2.43

Criminal markets

1.60

Criminal actors

3.25

Resilience

5.38

Grenada

1.00

Grenada

Criminality

3.05

Criminal markets

2.85

Criminal actors

3.25

Resilience

4.67

View heatmap for Human smuggling score

Rank all countries by Human smuggling score

Compare Human smuggling score with other indicators

The criminal markets score is represented by the pyramid base size and the criminal actors score is represented by the pyramid height, on a scale ranging from 1 to 10. The resilience score is represented by the panel height, which can be identified by the side of the panel.

How to measure organized crime?

A series of 13 discussion papers, one for each illicit market considered during the development of the Index.

Give us feedback

We're constantly working to improve the Index. By participating in this survey, you will be providing us with insights and suggestions that will help us make the Index an even better resource.

give us your feedback

This report was funded in part by a grant from the United States Department of State.

ENACT is funded by the European Union and implemented by the Institute for Security Studies and INTERPOL, in affiliation with the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime.

The opinions, findings and conclusions stated herein are those of the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime and do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Department of State.